Summary

Aging in dogs is a complex biological process that involves a decline in cellular function, tissue degeneration and increased susceptibility to chronic disease. Modern research indicates that proper diet and supplementation can slow these processes, improving the quality of life for senior dogs. Key bioactive ingredients, such as hydrolyzed collagen, antioxidants, omega-3 and omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids and flavonoids, play an important role in reducing oxidative stress and promoting cell regeneration. The purpose of this article is to present current research on the mechanisms of aging and the effect of supplementation on slowing these processes in dogs.

Introduction

The aging process in dogs, as in humans, is the result of complex biological mechanisms involving the gradual deterioration of cellular functions, the accumulation of oxidative damage and a decline in the body’s regenerative capacity. In recent years, there has been a growing awareness among veterinarians and animal caretakers of the possibilities of supporting the aging process through proper diet and supplementation.
Effective nutritional intervention can support a dog’s body functions at the cellular level, reducing the rate of tissue and organ degeneration. Key ingredients such as hydrolyzed collagen, antioxidants, unsaturated fatty acids and flavonoids are important in the prevention of age-related diseases. The purpose of this article is to present current research on the role of nutrition in canine aging and practical tips for appropriate supplementation.

Mechanisms of aging in dogs

• Aging in the dog’s body is a multifactorial process influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The primary mechanisms of aging include:
• Oxidative stress and DNA damage – free radicals, formed as a result of cellular metabolism, contribute to the degeneration of cell membranes and damage to the structure of proteins and nucleic acids. Excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular apoptosis.
• Telomere shortening – Telomeres, the terminal DNA sequences of chromosomes, shorten with each cell division, eventually leading to a loss of cell proliferative capacity.
• Decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system – older dogs are more susceptible to infections and chronic inflammation, which accelerates the body’s degenerative processes.
• Disorders of connective tissue and joint metabolism – degradation of the extracellular matrix leads to weakened joint structures and reduced skin elasticity.

The importance of bioactive components in slowing down the aging process

Hydrolyzed collagen and collagen peptides

Collagen is the main structural protein of connective tissue, playing a key role in maintaining the health of joints, skin and ligaments. In older dogs, there is a decline in collagen synthesis, leading to sagging skin and weakened joint cartilage. Studies have shown that supplementation with hydrolyzed collagen can:

• Support joint cartilage regeneration,
• Improve the elasticity of the skin and coat,
• Reduce symptoms of osteoarthritis.
  

Antioxidants (asta xanthine, coenzyme Q10, vitamin E)

Antioxidants are essential in neutralizing reactive oxygen species, preventing oxidative damage to cells. Astaxanthin, one of nature’s most potent antioxidants, shows the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, supporting cognitive function in older dogs. Coenzyme Q10 is involved in the energy metabolism of cells, protecting mitochondria from oxidative stress.

Unsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids

Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and support the health of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. In older dogs, an adequate ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 can reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and improve cognitive abilities.

Practical application of supplementation in senior dogs

The use of appropriate bioactive substances in the diet of older dogs can bring tangible health benefits. However, it should be remembered that the effectiveness of supplementation depends on regular use and the right dose selected to meet the individual needs of the animal.

Summary

Modern research indicates that a proper diet, rich in ingredients that support cellular function, can slow down the aging process in dogs. Ingredients such as collagen, antioxidants, omega-3 acids and flavonoids play a key role in maintaining the health of seniors, improving their quality of life and reducing the risk of degenerative diseases.

Master of Health Sciences
Ewa Szerszeń

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